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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A H. J. HAIGHT.

ELECTRIC INDICATING SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENT.

Patented Apr. 19, 18,92.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheds- Sheet 2. H. J. HAIGHT. ELECTRIC INDIGATING SYSTEMAND INSTRUMENT.

Patented Apr. 19, 1892.

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ELEGTRIG INDIGATING SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENT.

APatendaed Apr. 19, 1892.

(No ModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. H. J. HAIGHT.

ELECTRIC INDIGATING SYSTEMAND INSTRUMENT.

No. 473,174.- Patented Apr. 19, 1892.'

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fn/Q9( f [Zezwyu R9@ wm my l ff f Unirse- STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-HENRY JANSEN HAIGHT, ory NEw YORK, N. Y.

ELEc'rmo `INnlcsrrrlne SYSTEM A Np AlNsl'nurvu-:Nn

SPECIFICATION forming' part Letters Patent No. 413,174, dated April 19,1892.

'pplication tiled December 15, 1891, Serial 1170.415134. (No model.)

following is av specification.

The object of the invention is to provide a system for theintertransmission between a plurality of stations by electrical meaps ofinformation which is capable of being rendered intelligible through themovements ot' the indices of electric indicating-instruments.

The present invention consists in improvements ou the systems andinstruments set forth in Letters llatent of the United States Nos.442,880 and 442,882, granted to me'December 16, 1890; No. 454,867,granted to me J une 30, 1891, and in application for Letters Patent ofthe United States, Serial No. 380,612, tiled by me February 17, 1891.

The' new system comprising a portion of the present improvements isespecially designed for the purposeof enabling a variety of dataconcerning each of several subjects to be transmitted. For example, thesystem may be applied to the transmission of the meteorological data ofa number of localities, and for convenience of illustration anddescription' the improved system will be so described.

The invention consists, also, in improvements upon the 'electricindicating-instruments employed and in improvements upon themultiple-circuit closers employed.

The present improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings,wherein- Figure 1 is an exterior view of a casing equipped with a numberof the indicatinginstruments and two of the multiple-circuit closers.Fig. 2 is a diagram of the electric circuits at one station. Fig. 3 is adiagram showing the electrical connections between two stations. Figs.4, 5, and 6 are views in detail of the indicating-instrument.

l will first describe the improvements in the indicating andmultiple-circoit-closer instruments, and will then describe theimprovements in the system.

Electric indicating t'nstfrwrrtcnt.-This instrument is in most respectssubstantially similarto theindicating-instrumentdescribed inmyapplicatiou Serial No. 380,612, or in number of the parts heretoforeemployed (par-A ticularly the pawl-lifting mechanism) are dispensedwith.

The instrument comprises as its primary features a properly-graduateddial or readingscale A, an index B, capable of astep-by-stepl movementin either direction, two actuating electro-magnets CO2, and mechanismintermediate between said magnets and vsaid index. The excitation ofmagnet C causes the movement of the index in one direct-ion, while theexcitation of the other magnet C2 causes its movement in the oppositedirection. nThe scale, index-magnets, and actuating mechanism areallsupported on a suitable supportingplate D of insulatingmaterial--such as Woodand to the rear of this plate D is rigidly secureda metallic plate E. On opposite sides ofthis plate E are rigidly mountedtwo metallic brackets F Fwhich support the magnets C C2, respectively.Also rigidly mounted on the plate E are three perpendicular metallicposts G G. A T-shaped bridge H is rigidly secured to the outer ends ofthe posts G by screws ct a, so that said bridge is held parallel withthe plate E and in rigid and immovable connection therewith. On thisrigidly mounted and secured bridge H and the plate E are mounted all theactuating mechanism intermediate between the magnets C C2 and'theindexB. Con- 'lhe index B is se- Thisshaft or spindle c carries at its rearend,

between the plateEand the bridge H, a pinion d, which meshes with apinion e, carried by a shaft journaled at opposite ends on the metalplate E and bridge H, the shaftf being parallel with the shaft orspindlec. The shafts c f are held in any position in which they may beleft by a spring g, which bears frictionally against the shaftf. Byrotating pinion c altcrnately in opposite directions tliepinion d (andwith it the shaft c and index B).will be rotated alternately in opposite directions.' 'To enable the pinion c to be rotated in one di- IOO-.J should be always uniform and exact.

rection the magnet C is provided. The armarent and in the oppositedirection by a'spring- 1c. The upper arm of the armature-lever J carriesa pawl ln,'p ivotally mounted thereon.' This pawl engages with aratchet-Wheel o, (or, more properly speaking, a star-wheel fixed to theshaft f.

' The location ofthe pawl n relative to the ratchet or star wheel o andits method of cooperation therewith constitute one of the essentialfeatures of the present invention. The

extent of the movement of the armature-lever Con- sequently provisionsare provided forlimitin g its movement in both directions. In theconstruction shown the magnet C limits the move- -mentof the pawl ntoward the ratchet or star wheel o, while one of the posts G limits itsmovement in the opposite direction, thelever being normally eld incontact with the post by the springl k The pawl fn, is lalso in thenormal positiorr of the armature-lever mainf tained in a definite normalposition. The pawl li'as atail end q, which is normally heldin contactwith a fixed stop-pin l1*'(carried by the arl mature-lever) by a springs. When the armathe pathr'ofits teeth.

-ture-lever and its pawlsare in their normal po-l sition, the'fpawl isentirely out'of contact with the ratchet lor star wheel andentirely loutof Consequently the ratchet or star wheel is free to be rotated, the

presence of the pawl offering no obstruction whatever; but when thearmat ure-lever swings on its pivot the pawl swings in such an arc thatit is brought in contact with one of the teeth of the ratchet or starwheel, and the extent of the movement of the pawl is such that v in eachmovement of the armature-lever the pawl turns\ the ratchet-wheel (andconsequently the index B) through a certain defibackwardly, the pivotalvconnection therewith of the pawl permits the latter to ride back idlyover the teeth of the ratchet or star wheel, thespring g preventingbackward rotation of the ratchet. Since the pawl n when inactive andidle is entirely out of contact with the ratchet or star wheel o, nopawl-lifter, such as has heretofore been employed by me, is necessary toenable the ratchet or star wheel vto be rotated inthe oppositedirection. In au exactly similar manner the magnet C2 controls themovement of an armature-lever J 2, carrying its armature h2. LeverJ2 islocated on thepside of the shafts c v f, oppositeto that on which thelever J is 1ocated, and it has a pawl n2, (held in normal position bystop-pin r and spring 3,) which is normally out of Acontactwith theratchet or When the armature-lever swings star wheel o, andwhichco-operates with said ratchet or star wheel o (on .the oppositeside from the pawl fn) to rotate the index B inthe opposite direction.The relation of the armature-lever J 2 and 'its pawl 'n2 to the ratchetor star wheel o is exactly the same as that of thelever J and pawl ln.,except that they are on the opposite side of the ratchet or star Wheel.Consequently said pawl ln,2 in its normal position oers no obstructionto the free rotation of the ratchet or star wheel, and no pawl-lifterfor it is necessary.

The extent of` movement of the armatures tive lengthsof the two arms ofthe armaturelevers, ythe number of teeth of the ratchet or star wheeland the proportionate sizes of the pinions d e determine the distance orstep which the index B moves. The dial .oi-scale A is graduated inaccordance with the length of the step, and each graduation is deter-'fydesirednumber of steps or degrees in one direction, and by successivelymagnetizingv and demagnetizing the other magnet C2 the indx may be movedany desired number of steps or degrees' in the opposite direction'.

To enable the magnets C C260 be actuated,

they are'included in proper electric circuits.

l is a'circuit-wire leading tomagnet C. 2 is a wire leading to magnet C,and l1 is areturn- Wire common to them both. Suitable. binding-posts areshown for the connection of the circuit-wires.

MuZtpZe-circait-close'r 'instrument-T wo of these instruments are usedat each station, and with a single exception both of the circuit-closinginstruments are (or may be) identical in construction with themultiple-circuit closer set forth in my United States Patent, No.442,882,above referred to. Consequently lthe multiple-circuit closer isshown in the accompanying drawings diagrammatically only, referencebeing made to said patent for further disclosure of its construction.The object of the multiple-circuit closer is to bring a 'number ofbranch circuit-Wires, as 1 2, successively into communication lwith onepole of an electric generator. provided with a circuit-closing arm L,which is in constant communication with an electric generator. Thiscircuitclosing arm L is given a step-by-step movement in a singledirection, so that it maybe brought into contact with the severalixedelectrodes/zz, with which the multiplecircuitcloser is provided.Whenever the circuit-closing arm L is at rest, one of the branch wires,as 1, is in circuit. The step-by-step movement of the circuit-closingarm L is eected by means of an electro-magnet M and suitable interveningmechanism of `To this end it is IOO IIO

8o ,of the magnets iu connection with therelacloser.

trated the instruments for a single statiom It is assumed, for the sakeof illustration and description, that the system is adapted for .thetransmission and indication of meteorological data. The number ofindicating-instruments for each station will therefore depend upon thevariety of meteorological data which it is desired to transmit andindicate and the number of localities to which the data refers.vAssuming then that 'thermometric, wind,weather, and time indicationsamto be indicated for Jeach of four separate localities (such as New York,Philadelphia, Baltimore,

and Washingtom) each station Awould be equipped with sixteen indicating-instru ments, four for each locality. Fig. 1 is designed toillustrate such a system, showing, 4as it does,

. sixteen indicators, each instrument as a whole being lettered I', I2,la, or I4. There are alsp ateach stationtwo multiple-circuit closers,

(lettered as a whole MC and MC2, respectively,)one of which MC is alocality-determining multiple-circuit closer, and the otherv MC2 is adata-determining multiple-circuit The connections of the multiple-circuit closers MC MC2 with each other and With the indicating-instruments are Aillustrated in the diagram, Fig. 2. Of themechanism of each in this ligure only the index B andthe actuatingelectro-magnets C C2. p The sixteen indicatinginstruments are arrangedin four groups (one group for each locality) containing four instrumentsforeach locality, one instrument I' being for thermometric indications,one P for time, one I8 for wind, and the other 14 for weather. Thesefour instruments in each groupliaving eight actuating electromagnets CC2, there Iare consequently eight 'equally-spaced electrodes in thedata, multiple-circuit. closer, and there are eight wires 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, and 8, connecting the respective electrodes with the magnets C C?of all sixteen instruments.

The wire connections are as follower The odd-numbered'wires 1 3 5 7 areconnected-with lthe sixteen magnets C,while the even-numbered wires 2 46 8 are connected with the sixteen'magnets C2. The wire l is connectedin multiple (by branch wires) withthe magnetsr C of all fourcorresponding instruments I in each of the four groups. lVire 2 isconnected in multiple(by branch wires) with the magnets C2 of all fourcorresponding instruments 1 in each of the four groups. Wire 3 isconnected in multiple (by branch wires) with the magnets C of all fourcorresponding instru ments'l2 in each of the four groups. Wire 4 isconnected in multiple (by branch wires) with the magnets Czof allfourcorrespcnding ployed.

instruments l2`in eachjof the four groups.

Wire 5 is connected in multiple.`(by branchwires) with the magnets C ofall four corresponding instruments I3 in each of the 'four groups. Wire6 is connected in multiple (by branch wires) with the magnets C2 of allfour corresponding instruments I3 in each of the four groups. Wire 7isconnected in multiple (by branch wires) with the magnets C of all fourcorresponding instruments I'L in each of the four groups, and wire 8 isconnected in multiple (by branch wires) with the magnets L C2 of allfour corresponding instruments I? inl l8o each ofthe'four groups. Thedata multiplev circuit closer MC2 accordingly has asf'many electrodes 'vas there are actuating-mag C2 in each group of instruments. Thecircuitrclosing arm L of the dat tiple-circuit closer'MCzis connectedbyff 9 with one pole of an electric generato Consequently the positionof the circuit-elo. ing arm L with reference to the several elec trodese 'determines which of the wires 1, 2, 3,--k go fw is in circuit and theparticular magnet of that. l l

instrument. It'does not,however, determine I 1 which of the groups ofinstruments is in cir- 'roo' cuit, since eachelectrodesisinelectrical'cornection (by its wire and the branchesthereof).v

with all four'otthe corresponding instruments 'I 'L v 12.12, I3, and I4of Ieach of the several groups? Since each group of instruments relatestoLrogk a given locality, other meansare 'necessary todetermine thelocality, and 'therefore the locality multiple-circuit closer MC is em-Amultiple-circuit closer is connectedV by wire `l() with the oppositepoleof the generator N, and it has as many electrodes (whi'chare'lettered c'to distinguish them from the electrodes c of the data multiple-circuitcloser,`4

MC2) as there are groups of instruments, and'` i t 5 consequently asmany electrodes as there are localities. Itis therefore appropriatelytermed a locality multiple-circutticloser. As there' are four localitiesprovided for `in the illufs tratcd system, and consequently four uroups'12o of instruments, there are four lelectrodes 'u' .in the localitymultiple 'circuit closer MC. Fourreturn-wires 11, 12, 13, 14 connectthe' electrodes c'respectively with the several groups of indicators.The eight magnets C C2 0E the four indicators I 12 I3 I4 of the firstgroup (upper left-hand group, as, shown-,in Fig. 2) are all connected inmultiple (by branch wires) with the return-wire 11, andin a similarmanner the eight magnets of each of the other groups are connected ,inmulti- Y ple, by their return-wire 12, 13, or 14, with oneV of theelectrodes c' of the locality multipleg `circuit closer MC. Consequentlyin order v Thecircuit-closing arm L ofthis` f um that any particularmagnet of 4any particular one of the several indicating-instruments maybe in circuit with. generator N the conjoint action ofthecircuit-closing arms-L L of the two multiple-circuitclosers MCl and MC2is necessary.

With the position of lthecircuit-.closing arms L L shown in:Fig..2 thecircuit-.lisas follows: from batteryN, through wire 9, to armL ofmultiplecircuit closer MC2, elec-y trode fu, -wire 1, magnet C ofinst'r-umentl of vthe upper left-hand group, wire' -.11, to elec-l trode'v' of multiple-circuit closer MC, arm- L thereof, and wire 10,-'back tothe opposite pole of the battery N. It is therefore, evident thatlocality multiple-circuit cleser'MC -must have as many electrodes fu asthere are localities, that data Vmultiple-circuit closer MC2 must have.as many electrodes u as there are magnets in the severalfindicatorslfor each locality, and that consequently the producty of thenumber of electrodes omultiplied by vthe number of electrodes/U mustequal the total numberuofy the magnetsC C2 of v.all thel indicators atthe station. Thus if there'were twenty-four localities tol be reportedandsix charactersof indications for each local-ity there would be twohundred and eighty-eight of the magnets C C2. I Under the systemshown inmy patent, hid/142,882, hereinbefore referred to, this would havenecessitated two hundred -and eighty-eight electrodes in the single 'multiple-circuit closer there employed,

and (since the multiple-circuit closing arm can .move only in onedirection) it might have required in the most extreme cases al makingand u reaking ofthe-.circuit which controls the movement ot thecircuit-closing arm two hundred and eighty-seven -times in order tobring 4the'desired electrode into circuit. By .using "the 'twomultiple-circuit closers MC and MC2,

however, in the supposed instance the locality multiple-circuit closerMC would have twenty-four electrodes o', and the data multiple-.circuitcloser -MC2 would have'twelve )electrodes e, andunder the mostdisadvanta- "'fgeous' circumstances it would only require making andbreaking a circuitv thirty-four ftimes (twenty-three plus eleven) tobring the desired magnet C o'r C2 into circuit-that is, if independentmeans were provided for operati-ng the two multiple-circuit closers.Fig. 2. also shows electrical means for controlling the movements of thecircuit-closing arms L L of the two multiple-circuit closers MC and MC2,

and also for moving in the proper direction the index f the particularindicating-instru-l ment which is brought into circuit by means of theconjoint action'of t'ne two multiple-.circuit closers. v

The controlling-magnet M of multiple-circuit closer MC is in a localcircuit 15,having generator LB', said local circuit having a breakcontrolled by a relay-magnet RM. Relay-magnet RM is a circuit havinglinewire 1G and a wire 17 leading to a main battery MB. A break in wire17 is controlled by a switch or `key O. L Byv manipulating switch or keyO the arm L of vmultiple-circuit closer MC is given .a step-by-step;movement, which brings it successively inl contact. with the severalelectrodes lv. .By including a plurality of relay-'magnets RM in seriesin the line 16 it is evident that-a plurality of multiple-circuitclosers =MCiat aI plurality ofstations can be operated in unison. f

Thevcontrolling-.magnet M of multiple-circuit closer MC2 is in alocalcircuit 18, having generator ,LB2, said :local circuit having a breakAcontrolled by a relay-magnet RM2. Relay-magnet lRM2 is in a circuithavingline- -wire 19 and va wire 2O leading to the main battery MB. Abreak in wire 20 is controlled byza switch or key P..Bymanipulati-ngswitch or key P the arm L. of multiple-circuit closerMC2. is given aste-p-by-step. movemenurwhich brings it successivelyin-contact withtheseveral electrodes c. VBy including a plurality oflrelay-magnets RM2 inseries in the line 19 it is evident that aplurality of multiple-circuit closers .MC2 at al plurality ofstationscanbe operated in unison.

The local circuit,which includes the battery N, wires-9 10, armsL L ofthetwo multiplef circuit closers, and one magnet of one of the.indicating-instruments, has a break either in .wire 9 or in wire 10,(it being shown in wire 10,) which is controlled by a relay-magnet RMS.ing a line-wire 21 and a wire 22'leadiug to the battery MB. A break inwire 22 is controlled by aswitch or key Q. By manipulating key or switchQ the index B of the particular indicating-instrument in circuit isgiven ,a-stepby-step motion forward-or back, depending -upon whethermagnet C or ,C2 is in circuit. By including a plurality of the magnetsRM3 in series in the line 21 it is evident that a plurality ofcorresponding indicating-instru1 ments ata plurality of stations can beoperated in unison. Y

The system as thus far disclosed is distintwo multiple-.circuit closershaving. special relation to each other are employed. In Fig. 3, however,an arrangement of multiple-eir- 'cuit closers at two stations X and Y isshown which dispenses with one of the three linewires 16 19 21, one ofthe three lfocalfbatteries LB LB2 N, and one of lthe switches or keys OP Q. This is done by dispensing with my special means for operating oneof the multiindicated how the relay-magnets can be arranged in series inorderfto operate the instruments at two or more.v stations in unison. Inthis iigure,for conveniencein illustration, only one indicating-instrument at each of the stations Xand Y is stima- 11.I The circuit-wires ofthe other.,in dmating-instruments are, however, indicated.The-arrangement of the circuits in this yfigure is the saine-as in Fig.2, except` as followsi Line-wire 1G, relay-magnet RB/Iwirefw, andvswitch C (which control guished from my prior patents only in thatRelay-magnet RM3 is in a circuit hav- IOO ple-circuit closers, as MC.In'Fig. 3 it is also the locality multiple-circuit closer MC) areomitted. Wire l5, leading from the controlling-magnet M ofmultiplecircuit closer MC, is joined to wire l0, and a wire 23 leads tosaid magnet M from an additional intercalated fixed electrode w on thedata multiple-circuit closer MC2. Consequently magnet M of localitymultiple-circuit closer MC is in a local circuit, including wires 9 2315 l0, arm L of data multi ple-circuit closer MC2, electrode w, and thelocal battery N, which effects the movements ot' theindicating-instruments.

When the arin L ot multiple-circuit closer MC2 makes the step from thetwo adjacent electrodes t' o on either side of the intercalatedelectrode w, the arm L, in passing over said electrodew, makes andbreaks the circuit, including the magnet M of the multiplecircuit closerMC, and consequently the arm L thereof is moved one step at eachcomplete rotation of the arm L of the multi plecircuit closer MC2.

1t may be here noted that the only difterence in construction betweenthe multiplecircuit closer here employed and that set forth in mypatent, No. L142,882, consists in the intercalated electrode w, on whichthe circuitclosing arm L does not dwell.

As a convenient and preferred construction, all the instruments at astation are mounted in one casing, as indicated in Fig. l, the op#erating mechanisms ot' each group of indicating-instruments I 121314being mounted on a single metallic plate E.

I claim as my inventionl. A ratchet or star wheel capable of rotation inopposite directions, the rotary shaft or spindle carrying said starwheel, and the spring g, bearing on said shaft or spindle, incombination with two oppositely-swinging levers on opposite sides ofsaid ratchet or star wheel, each of said levers swinging through adefinite and determined arc, a pivoted pawl pivoted to each of saidlevers, and a stop r and spring s ou each lever, which co-operate tomaintain said pivoted pawl in its normal position resting against saidstop, each of said pawls in its normal position and in the normalposition of its lever being entirely out ot' contact and interferencewith said ratchet or star wheel, but each of said pawls beingr broughtinto contact with one of the teeth of said ratchet or star wheel whenits said lever ing a step-by-step movement, whereby it is p broughtsuccessively into contact with and dwells upon each ot' said electrodes,and an actuating-magnet M, an electric generator N, an electricconductor connecting one pole of said generator with the circuit-closing arm of said multiple-circuit closer MC2, an electric conductor 23,connecting said electrode 'w with said actuating-magnet M, and anelectric conductor connecting said magnet M with .the opposite pole ofsaid generator,substantially as set fort-h. c u v 3. A plurality ofgroups of electric indicating-instruments, each group ofindicating-instruments having a plurality of said instruments, theindicating -instruments in one group corresponding with the instrumentsin the other group or groups, in combination with two multiple-circuitclosers MC and MC2, 'each having a plurality of electrodes, and acircuit-closing arm capable of a step-by-step movement, whereby it isbrought successively into contact with` and dwells upon each of theelectrodes, each of the electrodes of one of said multiple-circuitclosers, as MC2, being connected in multiple with the correspondingelectric indicating-instrument in each of said groups, and each of theelectrodes of the other multiple-circuit closer MC being connected inmultiple with all of the indicating-instruments in one of said groups,substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

` HENRY JANSEN HAIGHT.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR S. BROWNE, CARLETON E. SNELL.

IOO

